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Objective To provide objective basis for the diagnosis on nodules of prostatic inner gland by SonoLiver software with the dynamic vascular pattern ( DVP) and the parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography( CEUS ) . Methods In a reprospective study ,CEUS was performed in 104 cases with nodules of prostatic inner gland that were divided into four groups including the benign prostatic hypertrophy(BPH) group ( n= 26) and prostate cancer( PCa) group ( n = 29) ,the others in high grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia( HGPIN , n =25) and low grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia( LGPIN , n =24) that developed from BPH . The SonoLiver software was used to analyze the CEUS of nodules to get the DVP and parameters of CEUS . Results Among the four groups ,the prostate specific antigen ( PSA ) level and nodule maximal size were significant different( P <0 .05) . Rise time(RT) ,time to peak(TTP) and mean transit time(mTT) of PCa group were highest among the four groups ,while maximum intensity (IMAX) was the lowest . The differences of TTP ,IMAX among the four groups were statistically significant ( P < 0 .05) . In the PCa group ,44 .8％ of nodules were warm-cold colour . The DVP type in HGPIN group was mainly only warm colour( 40 .0％ ) ,but the difference of DVP between PCa and HGPIN group was not significant( P > 0 .05) . The nodules in BPH and LGPIN group mostly were cold-warm colour ,also as only cold colour( P >0 .05) . The difference of DVP among the four groups was significant ( P<0 .05) . Conclusions The application of SonoLiver software with DVP and parameters of CEUS is valuable to diagnose the nodules of prostatic inner gland .
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Objective To provide a reference for differential diagnosis of thyroid microcarcinoma classified as TI-RADS 3-4 grade using contrast-enhanced ultrasound.Methods SonoLiver software was used to analyze the process of contrast-enhanced ultrasound of 112 thyroid small nodules classified as TI-RADS 3-4 grade.The dynamic vascular pattern curve(DVPC)and the time-intensity curve(TIC)were automatically acquired for summarization of the types and characteristics of the two curves.The relevant parameters such as the rise time(RT),time to peak(TTP),maximum intensity(IMAX%),mean transit time(mTT),area under curve(AUC)and perfusion index(PI)were acquired and calculated using the software.Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to achieve the cut-off value of these parameters for differential diagnosis.Results For thyroid microcarcinoma which TI-RADS assessment of grade 3-4,TIC showed as slow rise and slow drop wave or slow rise and fast drop wave,DVPC showed negative waveform or negative-positive bi-directional waveform.ROC analysis demonstrated that IMAX of 96.5%,AUC of 443.08 and PI of 47.64 were the best cut-off values for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant nodules.When IMAX<96.5%,AUC<443.08,PI<47.64,the nodules were highly likely to be thyroid microcarcinoma.Conclusions The contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters can provide effective reference for the differential diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma with grade 3-4 in TI-RADS classification.
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Objective To investigate whether transcatheter renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) by radiofrequency ablation interfere with the development of left ventricular (LV) mechanical dyssynchrony during the progression of heart failure (HF).Methods Nineteen beagles were randomly divided into sham-operated group (six dogs),control group (seven dogs),and RSD group (six dogs).Sham-operated group were implanted with pacemakers without pacing;Control group were implanted with pacemakers and underwent 3 weeks of rapid right ventricular pacing;and RSD group underwent catheter-based RSD bilaterally and were simultaneously implanted with pacemakers.LV dyssynchrony was analyzed via 2D speckle-tracking strain echocardiography to evaluate LV function.Longitudinal dyssynchrony was determined as the standard deviation for time-to-peak speckle-tracking strain on apical 4-and 2-chamber views.Radial and circumferential dyssynchrony was determined as the standard deviation for time-to-peak speckle-tracking strain in mid-and base-LV short-axis views.LV systolic pressure (LVSP) and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were measured.The LV interstitial fibrosis was determined by histological analysis.Results After 3 weeks,all of the dogs in both the control and RSD groups showed greater LV end-diastolic volume compared with the sham-operated group;however,the dogs in the RSD group had a higher LV ejection fraction (LVEF) than the dogs in the control group (P ＜0.001).The LV systolic strains were higher in the RSD group than in the control group (P ＜0.001 for longitudinal,circumferential and radial strain,respectively).The levels of LV dyssynchrony were lower in the RSD group than in the control group (P ＜ 0.001 for longitudinal,circumferential and radial dyssynchrony,respectively).Compared with control group,RSD group had lower LV end-diastolic pressures and less fibrous tissue.Conclusions RSD inhibites the development of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony during the progression of heart failure in dogs.
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Background Orbital tumor has complex histological types and it is difficult for clinical differential diagnosis.Therefore, it is badly in need of a new diagnostic technology to distinguish its benign and malignancy.Objective This study aimed to analyze and compare the characteristics of contrast ultrasound image between benign and malignant orbital neoplasms and evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast ultrasound to orbital tumor.Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with malignant orbital neoplasms and 51 patients with benign orbital neoplasms were retrospectively analyzed in Taihe Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine from September 2010 to September 2013.Contrast ultrasound examination was carried out on all the patients using MyLab Twice color ultrasonic device under the informed consent.SonoVue solution of 2.0 ml was intravenously injected and then the state and dynamic graphs of orbital tumors were collected.According to the classification of enhanced levels and patterns,the imaging features of orbital neoplasms were evaluated, and time-intensity curve (TIC) and dynamic vascular pattern (DVP) curve were obtained with SonoLiver software.The general ultrasonic signs and contrast ultrasonic characteristics between benign and malignant neoplasms were compared.Results Hyper-enhanced lesions were found in 62.5％ (15/24) and 27.5％ (14/51) ,and iso-intensity lesions were found in 20.8％ (5/24) and 49.0％(25/51) in the malignant orbital neoplasm patients and benign ones, respectively, with a significant difference in enhanced types between them (x2 =26.40,P＜0.01).Based on the enhanced mode, heterogeneity enhancement lesions were found in 75.0％ (18/24) and 25.5％ (13/51), and hemogeneity enhancement lesions were seen in 25.0％(6/24) and 47.1％ (24/51) in the malignant orbital neoplasm patients and benign ones, respectively, showing a significant differnee between them (x2 =30.40, P ＜ 0.01).The 58.3％ patients showed rapid rising and sharp descending TIC curves,and 75.0％ patients showed the biphasic wave DVP curves in the malignant lesions;while in the benign lesions,the TIC curves of 78.7％ patients were quick lift and slow dessend, and the DVP curves of 74.5 ％patients appeared to be positive phasic wave.These curve features were significantly different between the malignant lesions and benign ones (TIC:Z=-3.130,P=0.002;DVP:Z =-4.730,P =0.000).Conclusions Contrastultrasound examination shows that different tissue-derived orbital neoplasms have varied enhanced modes and types.Contrast-ultrasound examination is helpful for the differential diagnosis of orbital neoplasms.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of transcatheter renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) on the cardiac systolic function of dogs with pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI).Methods Twenty two dogs were divided in to three groups:control group (n=7),PAH group (n =8),PAH+RSD group(n =7).Pulmonary artery hypertension models were made by monocrotaline injection in PAH group and PAH+RSD group,while bilateral renal artery sympathetic nerve were also ablated in PAH+RSD group.Meanwhile,sham operation treatment were made in the control group and PAH group.The changes of blood pressure and cardiac indicies of ultrasound were observed before and after 8 weeks respectively.Then the left ventricular(LV)lateral strain,septal strain (IVS LS)and right ventricular(RV)strain were calculated.In the apical 4-chamber view,time from QRS onset to peak systolic strain in each the six segments of the LV and RV were measured and standard deviation of the time to peak longitudinal strain of six segments (LVTsl-6SD and RVTsl-6SD)were calculated.LV twist degree were obtained from LV rotation curve in basal and apical short-axis planes. Results After 8 weeks,there was no difference in the mean strain of LV lateral wall among the three groups,while the mean strain of RV lateral wall and septal were higher in PAH+RSD group than the PAH group [(18.91±0.86)% % vs 16.34±1.36)%,P <0.001;(18.39±1.03)% vs (17.02±1.00)%,P <0.001,respectively].Compared with PAH group,LVTsl-6SD and RVTsl-6SD of PAH + RSD group decreased significantly [(25.45±3.59)ms vs (40.40±2.83)ms,P <0.001;(34.16±2.81)ms vs (51.98± 3.64)ms,P <0.001,respectively].The LV twist degree of PAH+RSD group increased significantly[(10.47± 0.73)°vs (8.46±1.06)°,P <0.001].Conclusions RSD can reduce the influence of pulmonary artery hypertension on cardiac systolic function.
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Objective To evaluate the ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS)in differentiate reactive lymph node,metastatic lymph node and lymphoma.Methods In a prospective study CEUS was performed in 129 patients with cervical lymph node enlargement.The entire process were recorded and preserved in DICOM format.The results were registered with Sonoliver.The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve)analysis was performed to find the corresponding cutoff values. The selected node was removed surgically and submitted for histology.Results Of all the nodes,26 were reactive nodes,85 were metastases and 1 8 were lymphoma.Enhancement pattern was the most accurate way to characterize lymph nodes.The enhancement pattern of reactive lymph nodes was homogeneous and most of them were enhanced by lymphatic type while the metastatic lymph nodes were inhomogeneously enhanced or weakly enhanced by peripheral type.Lymph node lymphoma usually had no fixed enhancement pattern. Arrive time (AT),rise time (RT),time to peak (TTP),mean transit time (mTT),maximum intensity (IMAX),under the curve (AUC),rising slope(Kup),semi descending slope(Kdown)and perfusion index (PI)were significantly different in the three groups(P 0.05 ).When TTP≥ 7.74 s,mTT≥26.54 s,metastatic lymph nodes were considered.When RT≥4.62 s,TTP ≥ 7.74 s,mTT ≥ 28.32 s,reactive lymph nodes were not considered. Conclusions Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound image and enhancement pattern can distinguish neck lymph nodes while the optimal cut-off point time of the time-intensity curve parameters can further contribute to the identification of lymph nodes.
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Objective To explore the application value of dynamic vascular patterns(DVP) curve and parameter figure in the focal liver lesions by contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS).Methods 83 cases of focal liver lesions diagnosed by pathologically or clinically that had undergone CEUS were analyzed by SonoLiver software.Then DVP parametric images were constructed and the time-intensity curve (TIC) parameters were calculated by TIC and DVP curve.Results Rise time(RT),time to peak(TTP),maximum intensity(IMAX),mean transit (mTT),slope of rise,and the absolute value for slope of half down between malignant and benign lesions groups indicated statistically significant difference (P ＜0.05).94.9％ of type Ⅰ was malignant lesions and 100％ Ⅳ type was benign lesions.The four types of DVP curve(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ)in malignant and benign lesions were 72.5％,13.7％,13.7％,0 and 6.2％,43.8％,31.2％,18.8％,respectively.The proportion and characteristic of DVP parametric images and DVP curves in malignant and benign lesions groups were consistent.Conclusions DVP curve and parametric images of CEUS can demonstrate the difference of flow perfusion static between lesions area and surrounding liver parenchyma dynamically and directly.These are new qualitative indexes of the differential diagnosis in focal liver lesions.
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Objective To explore the value of ultrasound-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the differential diagnosis of orbital neoplasms by observing the perfusion characteristics of orbital benign and malignant neoplasms for the application of ultrasound contrast microbubbles.Methods Preoperative ultrasound imaging of 47 patients with orbital neoplasms(benign group 35 cases,malignant group 12 cases)were observed for the tumor characteristics of CEUS.The parameters of tumor imaging obtained time intensity curve (TIC) were obtained by quantitative analysis of SonoLiver analysis software,which were contrast agent arrive time (AT),rise time (RT),time to peak (TTP),mean transit time (mTT),area under the curve (AUC),maximum intensity(IMAX) and perfusion index (PI).Results Different characteristics of perfusion were shown between benign and malignant groups.Time parameters of TIC:rising slope,semidescending slope,IMAX,PI,mTT,semi-washed out time and RT were significantly different between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05) while there was no significant difference of parameters as AT,TTP,AUC.Conclusions There is certain clinical value of the CEUS in the differential diagnosis of ocular benign and malignant neoplasms.
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To investigate the mechanism of lipid raft mediating chemotherapy resistance in cervical cancer. This experiment was carried out in the Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China from June 2010 to February 2011. Hela cells were divided into 6 groups: control group [Ctrl], cisplatin group [Cis], lipid raft interference agent group [MCD], NADPH oxidase inhibitor group [Apo], lipid raft interference agent combined with cisplatin group [MCD+Cis], and NADPH oxidase inhibitor combined with cisplatin group [Apo+Cis]. After the cervical cancer cells were treated with a correspondent agent for 24 hours, the number of surviving cells were measured utilizing cell counting kits-8 [CCK-8], and the hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha [HIF-1alpha levels were detected by Western blotting. Reactive oxygen species [ROS] levels were measured indirectly by detection of dichlorodihydrofluorescein fluorescence activity. The cell growth of MCD slowed down [survival cells was 62% compared with the Ctrl group], with the Apo group showing a similar effect [65% in the control group], and 49% for the Cis group, MCD+Cis was 21%, and Apo+Cis was 23%. While the level of HIF-1alpha protein and ROS of the MCD group, Apo group, Cis group, MCD+Cis group and Apo+Cis group were decreased significantly compared to the control group. The level of HIF-1alpha of MCD group decreased by 69.9%, Apo group by 60.2%, Cis group was 55.5%, MCD+Cis group by 21.1% and Apo+Cis group by 25.4%, while the level of ROS also decreased in the MCD group by 38.6%, Apo group by 35.3%, Cis group by 24%, MCD+Cis group by 12.3% and Apo+Cis group by 12.8%. Lipid raft may up-regulate ROS level and HIF-1alpha expression through activating NADPH oxidase, and thus promote chemotherapy resistance in cervical cancer.